Shallow foundations rely on sufficient bearing area to prevent overturning, sliding and differential settlement of the foundation & structure. This is the most common and economical foundation solution.
Types:
Spread Footings
Pedestals
Saddles
Grade Beams
Strap Footings & Combined Footings
Mat Foundations
Block Foundations
Deep Foundations
Deep foundations are driven piles or drilled shafts that extend for significant depth below the ground or sea bed. Piles also require additional engineering for handling (lifting) and pile driving forces (impact or vibratory hammers).
Driven Piles
Drilled Shafts
Pile Caps
Pile Handling
Lateral Foundations
Lateral foundations hold back (retain) the soil while the opposite face of the structure (wall) is open to the air or water. Typical structures are retaining walls, bulkheads and relieving platforms.